[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":328},["ShallowReactive",2],{"post-en-guides-cam-toolpath-basics":3,"header-article-translation-en-guides-cam-toolpath-basics":184,"trans-guides-toolpath-basics-en":185},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"category":158,"date":159,"description":160,"difficulty":161,"draft":162,"duration":163,"extension":164,"featured":162,"image":165,"layout":168,"locale":169,"meta":170,"navigation":171,"path":172,"references":173,"related":177,"section":178,"seo":179,"slug":180,"status":177,"stem":181,"tags":177,"translationKey":182,"updated":177,"video":177,"__hash__":183},"content\u002Fen\u002Fguides\u002Fcam-toolpath-basics.md","CAM Toolpath Planning & Conservative Feeds",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":151},"minimark",[9,18,23,26,32,36,44,49,52,80,84,148],[10,11,14],"cnc-warning",{"level":12,"title":13},"warning","Conservative First Cuts",[15,16,17],"p",{},"Before the first cut, verify workholding, wear ANSI Z87.1-certified eye protection, keep the E-Stop within reach, and make a test cut in scrap material. Treat the values below as conservative starting points, not a guarantee for every machine or material.",[19,20,22],"h2",{"id":21},"why-conservative-defaults-matter","Why Conservative Defaults Matter",[15,24,25],{},"Desktop CNC routers have significantly lower frame stiffness than industrial cast-iron machining centers. Attempting heavy industrial plunge depths or aggressive feed rates will cause tool deflection, chatter marks, stepped edges, or broken carbide bits.",[27,28],"figure",{"alt":29,"caption":30,"src":31},"Plywood test piece","Figure 1: Finished test workpiece cut in birch plywood using conservative parameters.","\u002Fmedia\u002Fproject1.webp",[19,33,35],{"id":34},"key-parameter-formulas","Key Parameter Formulas",[15,37,38,39,43],{},"To calculate your starting feed rate (",[40,41,42],"strong",{},"F",") in millimeters per minute:",[15,45,46],{},[40,47,48],{},"F = Spindle RPM × Flutes × Chip Load (mm)",[15,50,51],{},"For a standard 3.175mm (1\u002F8\") 2-flute upcut carbide bit cutting birch plywood or MDF:",[53,54,55,62,68,74],"ul",{},[56,57,58,61],"li",{},[40,59,60],{},"Spindle RPM",": 16,000 - 18,000",[56,63,64,67],{},[40,65,66],{},"Flutes",": 2",[56,69,70,73],{},[40,71,72],{},"Target Chip Load",": 0.05 - 0.08 mm\u002Ftooth",[56,75,76,79],{},[40,77,78],{},"Starting Feed Range",": 1,600 - 2,400 mm\u002Fmin",[19,81,83],{"id":82},"recommended-baseline-feeds-speeds","Recommended Baseline Feeds & Speeds",[85,86,88],"parameter-table",{"title":87},"Conservative Desktop CNC Starting Baseline for 1\u002F8-inch Bit",[89,90,91,119],"table",{},[92,93,94],"thead",{},[95,96,97,102,104,107,110,113,116],"tr",{},[98,99,101],"th",{"align":100},"left","Material",[98,103,60],{"align":100},[98,105,106],{"align":100},"Chip Load (mm\u002Ftooth)",[98,108,109],{"align":100},"Feed Rate (mm\u002Fmin)",[98,111,112],{"align":100},"Plunge Rate (mm\u002Fmin)",[98,114,115],{"align":100},"Max Step-Down",[98,117,118],{"align":100},"Stepover",[120,121,122],"tbody",{},[95,123,124,130,133,136,139,142,145],{},[125,126,127],"td",{"align":100},[40,128,129],{},"Birch Plywood \u002F MDF",[125,131,132],{"align":100},"16,000 - 18,000",[125,134,135],{"align":100},"0.05 - 0.08",[125,137,138],{"align":100},"1,600 - 2,400",[125,140,141],{"align":100},"400 - 600 (ramp preferred)",[125,143,144],{"align":100},"1.5 mm (≤ 50% tool diameter)",[125,146,147],{"align":100},"40% - 45% tool diameter",[15,149,150],{},"Confirm the result with a scrap-material test and inspect the available toolpath\u002Fmaterial-removal preview before starting a real job. If the machine or material differs from these notes, follow the machine manufacturer's guidance.",{"title":152,"searchDepth":153,"depth":153,"links":154},"",2,[155,156,157],{"id":21,"depth":153,"text":22},{"id":34,"depth":153,"text":35},{"id":82,"depth":153,"text":83},"Toolpath","2026-09-08","Core principles for generating safe 2D profile cuts and pockets on desktop CNC routers without breaking bits or burning stock.","intermediate",false,8,"md",{"src":31,"alt":166,"caption":167},"Plywood test cut workpiece","Finished test piece in birch plywood to evaluate cut surface finish and edge squareness.","article","en",{},true,"\u002Fen\u002Fguides\u002Fcam-toolpath-basics",[174],{"id":175,"title":176},"notes-feeds-01","Laetoly CNC Hardware Team: Feeds, Speeds, and Chip Load Notes",null,"guides",{"title":5,"description":160},"cam-toolpath-basics","en\u002Fguides\u002Fcam-toolpath-basics","guides-toolpath-basics","Ff3AlCRQt9fcBtjoT4zssAM4_CYsYOa1fNJ1K2xJG_c",{"section":178,"slug":180},{"id":186,"title":187,"body":188,"category":314,"date":159,"description":315,"difficulty":161,"draft":162,"duration":163,"extension":164,"featured":162,"image":316,"layout":168,"locale":319,"meta":320,"navigation":171,"path":321,"references":322,"related":177,"section":178,"seo":325,"slug":180,"status":177,"stem":326,"tags":177,"translationKey":182,"updated":177,"video":177,"__hash__":327},"content\u002Fzh\u002Fguides\u002Fcam-toolpath-basics.md","CAM 刀路规划与保守切削参数指引",{"type":7,"value":189,"toc":309},[190,196,199,202,206,209,215,220,223,249,252,306],[10,191,193],{"level":12,"title":192},"首次试切安全准则",[15,194,195],{},"首次切削前，请确认工件夹持可靠，佩戴符合 ANSI Z87.1 的护目镜，将急停开关保持在可触及范围，并先使用废料进行试切。下列数值只是保守起始值，不保证适用于所有机床和材料。",[19,197,198],{"id":198},"为什么桌面机床需要保守参数",[15,200,201],{},"桌面数控雕刻机的铝型材与光杆结构刚性远低于重型铸铁机床。盲目套用工业加工中心的激进进给，容易引发机床剧烈颤振、表面起棱起毛，甚至导致细柄硬质合金铣刀瞬间崩断。",[27,203],{"alt":204,"caption":205,"src":31},"多层板切削试样","图 1：采用保守进给参数在桌面雕刻机上完成的桦木多层板试切样品",[19,207,208],{"id":208},"切削参数计算公式",[15,210,211,212,214],{},"主轴每分钟进给量 (",[40,213,42],{},") 计算公式：",[15,216,217],{},[40,218,219],{},"F = 主轴转速 (RPM) × 刀刃数 × 每刃切削厚度 (mm)",[15,221,222],{},"以标准的 3.175mm（1\u002F8 英寸）双刃硬质合金上切铣刀切削桦木多层板或 MDF 为例：",[53,224,225,231,237,243],{},[56,226,227,230],{},[40,228,229],{},"主轴转速","：16,000 - 18,000 RPM",[56,232,233,236],{},[40,234,235],{},"刀刃数","：2",[56,238,239,242],{},[40,240,241],{},"目标单刃切削量","：0.05 - 0.08 mm\u002F齿",[56,244,245,248],{},[40,246,247],{},"起始进给范围","：1,600 - 2,400 mm\u002Fmin",[19,250,251],{"id":251},"常用板材推荐基准切削用量",[85,253,255],{"title":254},"3.175mm 刀具在桌面 CNC 上的保守起始基准",[89,256,257,282],{},[92,258,259],{},[95,260,261,264,267,270,273,276,279],{},[98,262,263],{"align":100},"加工材料",[98,265,266],{"align":100},"主轴转速 (RPM)",[98,268,269],{"align":100},"单刃切削量 (mm\u002F齿)",[98,271,272],{"align":100},"水平切削进给 (mm\u002Fmin)",[98,274,275],{"align":100},"垂直下刀速度 (mm\u002Fmin)",[98,277,278],{"align":100},"单层最大下刀深度",[98,280,281],{"align":100},"横向步距",[120,283,284],{},[95,285,286,291,293,295,297,300,303],{},[125,287,288],{"align":100},[40,289,290],{},"桦木多层板 \u002F MDF",[125,292,132],{"align":100},[125,294,135],{"align":100},[125,296,138],{"align":100},[125,298,299],{"align":100},"400 - 600（优先采用坡走下刀）",[125,301,302],{"align":100},"1.5 mm（≤ 刀具直径的 50%）",[125,304,305],{"align":100},"刀具直径的 40% - 45%",[15,307,308],{},"请先使用废料试切，再在正式加工前检查可用的刀路\u002F材料去除预览。如果机床或材料不同于技术笔记中的条件，应以机床制造商指导为准。",{"title":152,"searchDepth":153,"depth":153,"links":310},[311,312,313],{"id":198,"depth":153,"text":198},{"id":208,"depth":153,"text":208},{"id":251,"depth":153,"text":251},"刀路规划","在桌面雕刻机上安全生成 2D 轮廓与下陷挖槽的核心准则，规避断刀、废料与机床共振。",{"src":31,"alt":317,"caption":318},"桦木多层板试切样品","采用保守参数完成的桦木多层板试切件，用于核验边缘光洁度与切削垂直度。","zh",{},"\u002Fzh\u002Fguides\u002Fcam-toolpath-basics",[323],{"id":175,"title":324},"Laetoly CNC 硬件团队：进给、转速与单刃切削量技术笔记",{"title":187,"description":315},"zh\u002Fguides\u002Fcam-toolpath-basics","bnCzyd6qF525dMCWpuPpTofW0XCuaZWKCqzt7wzEE2s",1789009347394]