[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":485},["ShallowReactive",2],{"header-article-translation-en-section-none":3,"wiki-en-appendix-glossary":4,"wiki-tree-en":343},null,{"id":5,"title":6,"body":7,"category":327,"description":328,"extension":329,"locale":330,"meta":331,"navigation":332,"order":333,"path":334,"seo":335,"slug":336,"source":337,"stem":340,"updatedAt":341,"__hash__":342},"wiki\u002Fwiki\u002Fen\u002Fappendix\u002Fglossary.md","Glossary",{"type":8,"value":9,"toc":292},"minimark",[10,15,19,22,26,29,31,35,38,40,44,47,49,53,56,58,62,65,67,71,74,76,80,83,85,89,92,94,98,101,103,107,110,112,116,119,121,125,128,130,134,137,139,143,146,148,152,155,157,161,164,166,170,173,175,179,182,184,188,191,193,197,200,202,206,209,211,215,218,220,224,227,229,233,236,238,242,245,247,251,254,256,260,263,265,269,272,274,278,281,283,287,290],[11,12,14],"h2",{"id":13},"_3-axis","3-Axis",[16,17,18],"p",{},"A CNC machine that operates along three linear axes: X (left-right), Y (front-back), and Z (up-down). Most entry-level desktop CNC machines are 3-axis systems capable of creating complex 3D geometries through coordinated movement.",[20,21],"hr",{},[11,23,25],{"id":24},"ball-nose-end-mill","Ball Nose End Mill",[16,27,28],{},"A cutting tool with a hemispherical end used for 3D contouring, smooth curved surfaces, and finishing operations. Provides better surface finish on curved geometries compared to flat end mills.",[20,30],{},[11,32,34],{"id":33},"cad-computer-aided-design","CAD (Computer-Aided Design)",[16,36,37],{},"Software used to create 2D drawings and 3D models of parts before machining. Common formats include DXF, DWG, and STEP for transferring designs to CAM software.",[20,39],{},[11,41,43],{"id":42},"cam-computer-aided-manufacturing","CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing)",[16,45,46],{},"Software that converts CAD designs into toolpaths and G-code instructions for CNC machines, allowing users to define cutting strategies, tool selections, and machining parameters.",[20,48],{},[11,50,52],{"id":51},"emergency-stop","Emergency Stop",[16,54,55],{},"A critical safety button that immediately halts all machine movement and spindle rotation when pressed. Must be easily accessible and clearly marked, providing instant shutdown capability.",[20,57],{},[11,59,61],{"id":60},"end-mill","End Mill",[16,63,64],{},"A type of milling cutter with cutting edges on both the end face and peripheral surface. Available in various configurations including flat end, ball nose, corner radius, and specialty geometries.",[20,66],{},[11,68,70],{"id":69},"feed-rate","Feed Rate",[16,72,73],{},"The speed at which the cutting tool moves through the material during cutting operations, typically measured in inches per minute (IPM) or millimeters per minute (mm\u002Fmin). Critical for tool life and surface quality.",[20,75],{},[11,77,79],{"id":78},"finishing","Finishing",[16,81,82],{},"Final machining operation that achieves precise dimensions and desired surface quality, using lighter cuts and optimized parameters for dimensional accuracy and surface finish.",[20,84],{},[11,86,88],{"id":87},"g-code","G-Code",[16,90,91],{},"The programming language used to control CNC machines, consisting of alphanumeric commands that specify tool movements, speeds, feeds, and machine functions. Each line typically starts with 'G' or 'M'.",[20,93],{},[11,95,97],{"id":96},"home-position","Home Position",[16,99,100],{},"The machine's reference point established by limit switches or sensors, typically at one corner of the machine's travel envelope. Used to establish coordinate system zero points and ensure repeatability.",[20,102],{},[11,104,106],{"id":105},"homing","Homing",[16,108,109],{},"The process of moving machine axes to their home positions using limit switches or sensors. This establishes a known reference point for the coordinate system and ensures accurate positioning.",[20,111],{},[11,113,115],{"id":114},"jog","Jog",[16,117,118],{},"Manual movement of machine axes using control software interface or pendant. Allows operators to position the spindle precisely for setup, tool changes, workpiece alignment, and testing movements.",[20,120],{},[11,122,124],{"id":123},"laser-power","Laser Power",[16,126,127],{},"The energy output of the laser measured in watts, determining the cutting and engraving capability on different materials. Typically adjustable from 0-100% during operation for different effects.",[20,129],{},[11,131,133],{"id":132},"limit-switch","Limit Switch",[16,135,136],{},"Safety switches that prevent the machine from moving beyond its physical travel limits. Also used for homing procedures to establish machine coordinate reference points and prevent crashes.",[20,138],{},[11,140,142],{"id":141},"on-path","On path",[16,144,145],{},"A cutting operation that machines the outer boundary of a part, typically used for part separation or creating external features with specific geometric requirements.",[20,147],{},[11,149,151],{"id":150},"pocket","Pocket",[16,153,154],{},"A toolpath operation that removes material from enclosed areas to create recessed features, cavities, or hollow sections within the workpiece using systematic material removal patterns.",[20,156],{},[11,158,160],{"id":159},"plunge-rate","Plunge Rate",[16,162,163],{},"The speed at which the cutting tool moves downward into the material along the Z-axis. Typically slower than feed rate to prevent tool breakage and ensure clean entry.",[20,165],{},[11,167,169],{"id":168},"raster-engraving","Raster Engraving",[16,171,172],{},"Laser engraving method that works like a printer, scanning back and forth line by line to create images or fill areas. Best for photos, shading, and large filled areas.",[20,174],{},[11,176,178],{"id":177},"roughing","Roughing",[16,180,181],{},"Initial machining operation that removes the majority of excess material quickly, prioritizing material removal rate over surface finish to approach final part dimensions efficiently.",[20,183],{},[11,185,187],{"id":186},"simulation","Simulation",[16,189,190],{},"Software feature that previews toolpaths and machining operations virtually before running on the actual machine, helping identify potential collisions, errors, and optimize cycle times.",[20,192],{},[11,194,196],{"id":195},"spindle-speed","Spindle Speed",[16,198,199],{},"The rotational speed of the spindle measured in revolutions per minute (RPM). Must be optimized based on tool diameter, material properties, and desired surface finish for efficient cutting.",[20,201],{},[11,203,205],{"id":204},"stl-stereolithography","STL (Stereolithography)",[16,207,208],{},"3D mesh file format representing object surfaces as triangulated facets, commonly used for 3D CAM operations and as an exchange format between 3D modeling and machining software.",[20,210],{},[11,212,214],{"id":213},"step-down","Step Down",[16,216,217],{},"The depth increment that the cutting tool moves down in the Z-axis for each successive pass when creating pockets or profiles deeper than the tool can cut in one pass.",[20,219],{},[11,221,223],{"id":222},"step-over","Step Over",[16,225,226],{},"The lateral distance between adjacent tool passes when creating pockets or clearing large areas. Affects surface finish quality, machining time, and tool wear patterns.",[20,228],{},[11,230,232],{"id":231},"svg-scalable-vector-graphics","SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics)",[16,234,235],{},"Web-standard vector graphics format commonly used for 2D designs in laser engraving and cutting, supporting paths, text, and images with resolution-independent scaling.",[20,237],{},[11,239,241],{"id":240},"touch-probe","Touch Probe",[16,243,244],{},"Electronic sensor device used to automatically locate workpiece edges, surfaces, and features, establishing accurate work coordinate systems without manual measurement.",[20,246],{},[11,248,250],{"id":249},"toolpath","Toolpath",[16,252,253],{},"The precise 3D route that the cutting tool follows during machining operations, generated by CAM software. Includes cutting moves, rapid moves, approach\u002Fretract movements, and safety clearances.",[20,255],{},[11,257,259],{"id":258},"v-bit","V-Bit",[16,261,262],{},"A conical cutting tool with a pointed tip, used for engraving text, creating chamfers, and carving V-shaped grooves. Available in various included angles such as 60°, 90°, and 120°.",[20,264],{},[11,266,268],{"id":267},"vector-cutting","Vector Cutting",[16,270,271],{},"Laser operation that follows continuous paths to cut or engrave lines and outlines. More efficient than raster for cutting through materials and creating precise line work.",[20,273],{},[11,275,277],{"id":276},"work-coordinate-system","Work Coordinate System",[16,279,280],{},"A coordinate reference system that defines the origin point relative to the workpiece, separate from the machine's home position, allowing multiple part setups and job flexibility.",[20,282],{},[11,284,286],{"id":285},"zero-point","Zero Point",[16,288,289],{},"The reference position (origin) from which all machining coordinates are measured, typically set at a corner or center of the workpiece for convenient programming.",[20,291],{},{"title":293,"searchDepth":294,"depth":294,"links":295},"",2,[296,297,298,299,300,301,302,303,304,305,306,307,308,309,310,311,312,313,314,315,316,317,318,319,320,321,322,323,324,325,326],{"id":13,"depth":294,"text":14},{"id":24,"depth":294,"text":25},{"id":33,"depth":294,"text":34},{"id":42,"depth":294,"text":43},{"id":51,"depth":294,"text":52},{"id":60,"depth":294,"text":61},{"id":69,"depth":294,"text":70},{"id":78,"depth":294,"text":79},{"id":87,"depth":294,"text":88},{"id":96,"depth":294,"text":97},{"id":105,"depth":294,"text":106},{"id":114,"depth":294,"text":115},{"id":123,"depth":294,"text":124},{"id":132,"depth":294,"text":133},{"id":141,"depth":294,"text":142},{"id":150,"depth":294,"text":151},{"id":159,"depth":294,"text":160},{"id":168,"depth":294,"text":169},{"id":177,"depth":294,"text":178},{"id":186,"depth":294,"text":187},{"id":195,"depth":294,"text":196},{"id":204,"depth":294,"text":205},{"id":213,"depth":294,"text":214},{"id":222,"depth":294,"text":223},{"id":231,"depth":294,"text":232},{"id":240,"depth":294,"text":241},{"id":249,"depth":294,"text":250},{"id":258,"depth":294,"text":259},{"id":267,"depth":294,"text":268},{"id":276,"depth":294,"text":277},{"id":285,"depth":294,"text":286},"appendix","Plain-language 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